Notes from the Underground by Fyodor Dostoevsky is our 4th book in the Read Great Books literature challenge. RSVP here to be a part of the discussion of this short novella on Monday, May 18.
Notes from the Underground was written by Russian Fyodor Dostoevsky (also spelled Dostoyevsky, if you're searching, both are correct) and published in 1864, and is considered by many to be the first existentialist novel. (The fathers of existentialism - the belief that philosophy stars with the human individual, characterized by the disorientation of living in an absurd world - are considered to be Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, Dostoevsky, and Sarte.) It is told from the point of view of a rambling, first-person narrator who never gives his name. It wasn't published in English until 1918.
Fyodor Dostoevsky published his first work, Poor Folk, in 1846, when he was 25, after a childhood in Moscow. Poor Folk gave him access to the Russian literary scene, and he became active in a secret society of utopians, a group that also served as a literary discussion group for its members. In 1849, he was arrested for his participation in the group, and along with the other members was sentenced to death. At the last moment, standing in front of the firing squad, Dostoevsky was spared by Tsar Nicholas I. Instead he was sent to Siberia for ten years hard labor, where his occasional epileptic seizures became frequent.
When he was finally released from his labor and military service, Dostoevsky went on to write novels, novellas, publish in magazines, start and then fold his own magazines, and become a general thought-leader with his political and religious ideas. He had a lifelong gambling problem, and numerous love affairs, ultimately marrying twice. His second wife Anna gave him four children and stood by his side while his gambling debts and unsuccessful early works drove them in and out of financial ruin.
Friedrich Nietzsche called Dostoevsky "the only psychologist, incidentally, from whom I had anything to learn. More or less. And so on." Dostoevsky's writings explored the psychological complexities of man and have a mostly Christian bent, the religion that he believed gave him freedom, but that he feared was changing irreparably. His most famous works include Crime and Punishment, The Idiot, and The Brothers Karamazov.
Fyodor Dostoevsky was my favorite writer when I was in college. I took classes on Russian lit, and then just on Dostoevsky himself. Notes from the Underground was my favorite work, and I often think of "the Underground man," but I haven't read it in over fifteen years. I chose it for the Read Great Books literature challenge because of sentimental value, and it's brevity, but I highly encourage anyone to read Crime and Punishment. Two decades later, I still think about that book and the fundamental moral question posed.
Notes from the Underground is short - less than 200 pages - so we'll be discussing it in just two weeks. If possible, try to find this translated version as it's considered the standard. RSVP here to follow along with the discussion on May 18, all of these events have been so interesting so far.